http://liphea.halliance.org daily 1 2007-01-05T01:59:18Z http://liphea.halliance.org/library/library-documents/Ab1.doc No publisher ylin Coverage East Africa Coverage Kenya HIV/AIDS Type Abstract 2007-04-11T20:14:04Z File http://liphea.halliance.org/library/library-documents/remotefileindex.2007-03-08.8194386792 No publisher ylin Coverage East Africa Vulnerability Type Document Malaria 2007-03-09T00:58:46Z RemoteFileIndex http://liphea.halliance.org/library/library-documents/remotefileindex.2007-03-08.4084959092 Keywords: East Africa, malaria parasite prevalence, remote sensing, mapping Objectives: Malaria risk maps have re-emerged as an important tool for appropriately targeting the limited resources available for malaria control. In Sub-Saharan Africa empirically derived maps using standardized criteria are few and this paper considers the development of a model of malaria risk for East Africa. Methods: Statistical techniques were applied to high spatial resolution remotely sensed, human settlement and land-use data to predict the intensity of malaria transmission as defined according the childhood parasite ratio (PR) in East Africa. Discriminant analysis was used to train environmental and human settlement predictor variables to distinguish between four classes of PR risk shown to relate to disease outcomes in the region. Results: Independent empirical estimates of the PR were identified from Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda (n=330). Surrogate markers of climate recorded on-board earth orbiting satellites, population settlement, elevation and water bodies all contributed significantly to the predictive models of malaria transmission intensity in the sub-region. The accuracy of the model was increased by stratifying Africa into two ecological zones. In addition, the inclusion of urbanization as a predictor of malaria prevalence, whilst reducing formal accuracy statistics, nevertheless improved the consistency of the predictive map with expert opinion malaria maps. The overall accuracy achieved with ecological and urban stratification was 62% with surrogates of precipitation and temperature being among most discriminating predictors of the PR. Conclusions: It is possible to achieve a high degree of predictive accuracy for Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence in East Africa using high-spatial resolution environmental data. However, discrepancies were evident from mapped outputs from the models which were largely due to poor coverage malaria training data and the comparable spatial resolution of predictor data. These deficiencies only be addressed by more random, intensive small areas studies of empirical estimates of PR No publisher ylin Coverage East Africa Type Document Malaria 2007-03-09T01:12:41Z RemoteFileIndex http://liphea.halliance.org/featurepresentationpages/james-key-transformational-stewardship/additional-readings-and-websites/documents-and-resources/Reducing%20vulnerability_the%20supply%20of%20health%20microinsurance%20i.pdf No publisher admin Coverage East Africa Economics Type Document Vulnerability 2007-11-08T02:42:46Z File (document) http://liphea.halliance.org/library/library-documents/remotefileindex.2007-03-12.1680566789 The Case Study Series presents real applications of Quality Assurance (QA) techniques in developing countries at various health system levels, from national to community. The series focuses on QA applications in maternal and reproductive health, child survival, and infectious diseases. Each case study focuses on a major QA activity area, such as quality design, quality improvement, communication and development of standards, and quality assessment. In some cases, more than one QA activity is presented. This case study describes how five Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) trainers and supervisors conducted an assessment of provider knowledge and skill, to carry out IMCI at 38 facilities in two districts in Kenya. No publisher ylin Coverage East Africa Health Human Resources Managment Coverage Kenya Coverage Africa Type Case Study 2007-03-12T16:21:55Z RemoteFileIndex